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Contents:
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Pages
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The Introduction & Background of the business proposal
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P.2
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Part I : Description of business activities
Section 1: The Business idea
Part A: The initial idea for opening an Inn
Part B: The Mission of the proposed business
Part C: The Market Environment
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P.3
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Part II : The process of setting up a business
Section 1: The features of different types of business organization
Part A: Legal requirements
Part B: Advantages and disadvantages of sole trader, partnership, and Franchises
Section 2: The personal skills required to establish a business
Part A: Characteristics and skills required to be a successful Entrepreneur
Section 3: The sources of assistance and advice
Part A: The primary business adviser
Part B: The secondary business adviser
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P.4
P.5
P.6
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Part III : The elements of business finance
Section 1: The definition and the reasons of business finance
Section 2: The types, sources, and application of business
finance
Section 3: The process of forecasting costs and profit
Part A: Break-even analysis & Project profit and loss account
Section 4: The action plan or check-list
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P.7
P.8
P.9
P.11
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Part IV : What is a business plan?
Section 1: The nature and purpose of the business plan
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P.11
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Part V : The Business Plan
Section 1: Produce an elementary business plan
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P.12
P.13
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Conclusion & Self Evaluation
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P.19
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Reference & Appendix
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P.20
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Introduction:
A business proposal may attract investors to provide financial support for the business. It can also be a blueprint to guide the activities of the business during start-up. This report will cover various topics such as financial aspect, marketing aspect, and business activity. At the end of the report, it includes conclusion, limitations and self evaluation. It also includes a formal business plan. It is the realistic plan of the proposed business. The major purpose of the business plan is to attract investor and banker when acquiring debt finance.
Part I : Description of business activities
Section 1: A business Idea
A) The initial idea for opening an Inn
There are two major reasons for opening an inn. One is the market overview showing the rapid growth rate of tourist in Hong Kong, and the service quality of the existing middle range inn.
First, the annual report1 shows that economy in Mainland China booming which increase the purchasing power of the growing middle class. Therefore, there is a growing demand for outbound travel since 2006. Also, Mainland China provides more than half of Hong Kong’s total visitors in 2006. There were 13.59 million arrivals represented an ideal increase of 8.4% over 2005 2.
For the other reason, some of the existing middle range inns may not acceptable in terms of environment and service. Due to the rising expectation of service quality, there are a lot of things to be improved such as customer service quality, the hygiene of the washroom, or the quality of the equipment.
B) The Mission Statement of the proposed business
Mission Statement is an important part of the business plan. It states the overall business intent. After carefully thinking and brainstorming, the mission statement of the business has been established.
“Try our best to satisfy our customers’ need by providing a wonderful and professional accommodation, and to offer different kinds of delicious food.”
A company must have a clear business focus. It can enhance the overall corporate image, improve business focus. Also, it can enhance the professional perception of the business and enhance employee morale.
C) The Market Environment
When starting a new business, it is important to assess the internal and external environment.
For the internal environment, it is important to consider 5M. They are Men, Money, Machinery, Minutes, and Materials.
For the external environment, a business may consider the PEST factors. They are the Political, Economic, Social/culture, and Technology factors. In case of this business, it is important to consider the economic factor. Economic includes the consideration of GDP growth, inflation and future economic trends. If the economic is improving, customer may have more purchasing power and more disposable income. Thus, they may go to other country to travels, shop or do business. It is exactly what is happening in Mainland China.
Beside the economic condition, Social-cultural includes demographic factors such as age group, gender, and income level, etc. Last year, the statistic shows the overall Balance of payment is skyrocketing3. There is an ascending trend at during the recent year. When the income of people increase, 4 the number of people going to travel will be increased. Therefore, the number of guests staying in hotels or inns will be increased.
Part II : The process of setting up a business
Section 1: The features of different types of business organization
A) Legal requirements
There may be some legal requirements to consider when opening an inn. It is compulsory to meet the legal requirement to order to stay away from legal trouble. Some of the legal requirements for the business are the preparation of the means of escape, ventilation, power lines regulations, gas safety regulations, fire-resistant structures and decoration material, rescue equipment and hotel license. Without these, the business is simply illegal to operate.
B) Advantages and disadvantages of sole trader, partnership, and franchise
Beside the legal requirement, it is also needed to consider the types of business organization. Being a sole trader is the simplest way to run a business. In Hong Kong, it requires paying relatively less registration fees. Keeping records and accounts is relatively straightforward. Also, the entrepreneur is entitled to keep all the profits. However, the entrepreneur is personally liable for any debts that the business runs up, which is relatively riskier option for business required huge amount of investments.
For partnership, the advantages are that two or more people share the risks, cost, and responsibilities of the business. Also, each partner may share part of the profits the business generates. Usually, each partner participate the decision-making process and both are personally responsible for any debts that the business runs up.
Buying a franchise is a way of taking the success of an established business and support networks. Its disadvantage is that the freedom to manage the business is limited by the terms of the franchise agreement. Also, franchisees are often required to pay a portion of their turnover to the franchiser, which brings down overall profits5.
Due to the nature of the business, partnership may both share the benefits for the venture. It can help the entrepreneur to share risk and cost. It is also relatively easy to raise funds to run up the business. Also, it can help to build up a good relationship with you partner as long as there is “trust” among the partners.
Beside the “trust” when operating the business, the partners should also know each others’ ability or characteristics so that their roles and duties can be defined.
Section 2: The personal skills required to establish a business
Part A: Characteristics and skills required to be a successful Entrepreneur
A business may take a few years or even longer to recover its investment. And require to re-investing the profit money in the business to extend it.
Therefore, the entrepreneurs may require different personal skills, ability or characteristics to face various risks, challenges during the long years of business operation.
First of all, one of the most important characteristic may be the self-Control of the entrepreneurs. Without it, the entrepreneur may not able separate personal and working life. Besides, self confident may also be an important characteristic because an entrepreneur may not like someone having authority over them. Furthermore, language skill is also important when running a business. If an entrepreneur knows different languages or has superior language skill, one can communicate well with their customers, employees and other stakeholders. Also, the entrepreneur can build up a good social networking for the business 6.
Section 3: The sources of assistance and advice
A) The primary business adviser
Although an entrepreneur has different abilities and skills, they may still need various sources of help from other professional. For example, an accountant may give advice on the preparation of annual accounts for the tax return. Also an accountant can provide information about the business plan, payroll, and balance sheet, etc. For the proposed business, the accountant may be especially helpful for the management of the revenue and cost of the inn, i.e.
A lawyer may be as important as an accountant. A lawyer can offer advices on legal matters such as preparation of contracts, business registration, property, and debt collection.
B) The secondary business adviser
Besides the primary business adviser, the entrepreneur needs other help and advices. For example, an advertising agent may give creative idea about sales, promotion and the image of the company. Besides, an insurer can protect the company against damage and risks.
For this proposed business, an accountant is especially important to give advices on financial arrangements.
Part III : The elements of business finance
Section 1: The definition and the reasons of business finance
There are two major sources of business finance. They are the capital finance and debt finance. The finance sources of the proposed business come from the following:
The Capital source from the partners and capitalist is 1 million
For the Debit Finance, it is a loan from financial institution which is estimated to be $3.4 million 8% interest rate p.a.
Besides considering the sources of finance, it is also important to prepare the acquisition of assets and provision of working capital. The major information of which are estimated as following:
Acquisition of assets
l Furniture, appliance and decoration (1.3 million)
Provision of working capital:
l rents (HKD22000 / mouth),
l Utilities (water, electricity, coal rates), (HKD10000 / mouth)
l purchases (food material and ingredient, etc) (HKD10000 / mouth),
l Salary and wages (HKD 30000 / mouth)
l Internet & Telephone charges (HKD 5000 / mouth)
l Administrative and sundry expenses (HKD 5000 / mouth)
After the estimation of acquisition of assets and the provision of working capital, finally, it is to show the income of the business. The projected revenue of the business is as follow:
Revenue form the rent: 5 family rooms: $650/night × 5 × 30 = $97500/month
9 double rooms: $450/night × 9 × 30 = $121500/month
6 single rooms: $300/night × 6 × 30 =$54000/month
Supposed each room has one client to have dinner in the Inn:
$35 × 20 × 30 = $ 21000/ month
Supposed each room has one client to use the internet service and use for one hour:
$15 × 20 × 30 = $ 9000/ month
Laundry and valet: $10000/ year
Section 2: The types, sources, and application of business finance
There are many types of business finance such as share capital, loans, overdraft, hire purchase, and trade credit etc. This business will be required share capital because of the partnership’s operation. For the personal resources, they are cash saving, investments and property, and borrow from the family members.
Internal sources of finance include sources from partners, profits. External sources of finance include sources from banks and finance institution. Such estimation should be valid not only for short term but also for longer term, for instance, a